Pests are any creature that can cause damage to or even destroy human health via plants and crops in the environment that would inversely affect the economy and benefit the agriculture business. Due to the severe damage that can be caused by pests, controlling and eliminating them is an important aspect of agriculture. Pests can range from small insects to birds and crows. They have to be eliminated so that they do not destroy crops. This process is called pest control. It is an industry that traces its roots for as long as agriculture has been in society. Some ways of controlling pests are through: the primitive burning and plowing of weeds; companion planting (also referred to as mixed cropping or intercropping); and selective breeding with pest-resistant plants.
In other parts of the world, though, there are different ways of controlling pests. In the United Kingdom, farmers use animal psychology to observe human pests and to introduce strategies like territorial behavior. On the other hand, firearms are used by farmers and gardeners in Britain. More frequently to scatter or kill animals common to gardens and lawns, small pests like rats, rabbits and squirrels are shot and killed with their use.
Pest control can be done through the use of chemical pesticides. The history of chemical pesticides dates back to as far as 4, 500 years ago with the use of sulfur and discovered and used by the Sumerians. It is followed some 4,000 years ago by the Rig Veda method wherein the poisons of different plants are combined and scattered about to prevent pests from damaging the crops. From the 18th to the 20th century, chemical pesticides have progressed from mere use of insecticide pyrethrum-a substance introduced along with the industrialization of the agriculture sector-and then on to herbicides and synthetic insecticides like DDT. At present though, the use of chemical pesticides is being subjected to various protests against its negative effects on the environment and human health.
Humans also play a big role in the success of the pest control methods that they use. It is always better to keep away from activities and nuances that attract pests in the first place. An example is to lessen food and water exposed to house flies as well as food wastes and trash at home. There are seaside resorts, where seagulls can get accustomed to chips and easy disposal food provided by the tourists around them. It is always a better choice to avoid giving them any food. The secret to great pest control is not just the prevention of pest reproduction but also the extermination of the entire species in the area you would like to eradicate them in.
Some ways to control pests are by eliminating their food and shelter. Technically, this refers to one of the most effective methods of pest control and that is the removal of possible places where pests can multiply. Letting stagnant water gather can cause mosquitoes to multiply so store water in covered containers. Proper waste management would also help in the elimination of pests like flies, rats and cockroaches that breed among dirty places such as unkempt trash bins. A cleaner sewage system would also be good in conjunction with pest control because open sewers have long been known to be a breeding ground for different types of pests.
Chemical traps. Rats are the usual victims of baits in traps with chemicals that can kill them. These are done through exposing food items that rats commonly eat and spiking them with poison. For birds and wolves, however, poisoning the food they eat takes strong chemicals that are still common in some places around the world.
After-harvest burning. Upon the harvest of crops, the fields can be burned to the ground to eliminate all remaining pests as well as their laid eggs.
Chemical spray. This is an engineered spray of poison and other chemicals that would kill insects and pests like the trucks in the U.S. that are used to spray chemical pesticide on disease-causing mosquitoes. Often, chemical sprays are used in gardens and lawns of private homes and businesses. In fields, though, sprays are done with the use of trucks, planes and helicopters.
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